Lunar Mansions (Magic)
Lunar Mansions (Magic)
Lunar Mansions (Magic)
Category: Astromagic & Talismanic Astrology
Summary: Using 28 mansions for targeted outcomes and images
Keywords: magic, targeted, outcomes, images, mansions, lunar, using
1. Introduction
The twenty-eight lunar mansions are discrete divisions of the ecliptic used to track the Moon’s motion and to elect propitious moments for targeted outcomes, including the crafting of images and talismans. They are grounded in observable astronomy: the Moon’s sidereal cycle averages about 27.3 days while the synodic lunation averages about 29.5 days, so her nightly change of stellar backdrop naturally lends itself to regular stations or “mansions” along the zodiac (NASA, 2023; USNO, 2024). Although comparable to the Indian nakshatras, the Arabic manāzil al‑qamar constitute a distinct 28‑fold schema that crystallized in late antiquity and the medieval Islamic world, where astrologers and mages assigned names, images, petitions, and prohibitions to each mansion (al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010).
In astromagic, the mansions serve electional and talismanic purposes: practitioners select a mansion aligned with the desired intention, ensure the Moon’s condition and hour support the goal, and create an image that embodies the mansion’s virtue (Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010; Agrippa, 1533/1651, II.47). Because mansion lore integrates the Moon’s condition with stellar landmarks and ritual imagery, it stands at the intersection of observation, symbolism, and practical magic, complementing broader electional rules on lunar phase, void‑of‑course, and aspects to benefics and malefics (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; George, 1992).
Historically, the mansions likely draw upon Babylonian and Hellenistic star‑lists, evolving into formal 28‑station catalogs in Arabic astrology; later transmission into Latin Europe shaped Renaissance image‑magic and informed practical manuals (al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934; Agrippa, 1533/1651). Modern practitioners compare sidereal, tropical, and fixed‑star‑anchored versions, noting that precession affects mansion boundaries and correspondences (Britannica, “Precession of the Equinoxes”). This article synthesizes the astronomical foundation, astrological symbolism, and both traditional and contemporary methods of using the mansions for targeted outcomes and images, with attention to electional safeguards, cross‑cultural parallels, and integration with related techniques such as Electional Astrology, Planetary Hours & Days, and Fixed Stars & Stellar Astrology.
From a knowledge‑graph perspective, lunar mansions connect to rulerships, dignities, aspects, houses, and fixed stars, and cluster thematically with astromagic timing and image‑magic. Topic modeling would situate the mansions within an “Astromagic & Talismanic Timing” cluster emphasizing electional practice, lunar condition, and star magic (Agrippa, 1533/1651; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010).
2. Foundation
The astronomical basis of lunar mansions begins with the Moon’s orbital motion relative to the fixed stars and the Sun. The sidereal month—the Moon’s return to the same stellar longitude—averages 27.32166 days, while the synodic month—the return to the same phase—averages 29.53059 days (NASA, 2023; USNO, 2024). Because the Moon advances roughly 12–13 degrees per day against the stellar background, ancient observers naturally segmented the ecliptic into lunar stations. The Arabic tradition standardized 28 segments, whereas Indian jyotiṣa employs 27 or 28 nakshatras depending on inclusion of Abhijit (Britannica, “Nakshatra”; al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934).
From an observational standpoint, the mansions correspond to star asterisms or clusters near the ecliptic, aiding navigation of the Moon’s nightly position. Medieval compendia present each mansion’s name, ruling star(s), and operative images or petitions, creating a practical bridge between phenomenology and ritual (al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010). As precession gradually shifts the tropical zodiac relative to fixed stars, sidereal and tropical mansion frameworks diverge; therefore, practitioners specify which reference system anchors their elections (Britannica, “Precession of the Equinoxes”).
Astrologically, mansions function within the broader logic of electional astrology: aligning the Moon’s sign, phase, speed, aspects, and freedom from impediments with a mansion whose symbolism matches the goal (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012). Benefic participation through Venus or Jupiter and dignity‑based support (for example, the Moon waxing, swift, or in a sign of strength) are interpreted as constructive, whereas malefic aspects, combustion, void‑of‑course, or late lunar degrees may warn against acting (Lilly, 1647/1659; Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012). Practical manuals further couple mansion elections with planetary days and hours, reinforcing the targeted operation through sympathetic timing (Agrippa, 1533/1651; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010).
Historically, the Arabic manāzil system translated into Latin through occult and astrological channels, influencing Renaissance image‑magic. Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa catalogued the 28 mansions and their images for talismanic use alongside cautions about ethical intent and licit practice (Agrippa, 1533/1651, II.47). The Picatrix, a major Arabic source on astromagic, elaborates mansion elections in concert with planetary invocations, incense, and crafted images to embody desired qualities (Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010). Al‑Bīrūnī provides astronomical and cultural descriptions of the manāzil, reflecting the synthesis of observational astronomy with astrological application (al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934).
Thus, the foundation of mansion practice rests on: an astronomical cadence tied to the Moon’s orbital mechanics; a symbolic vocabulary derived from stellar stations; and an electional framework aligning lunar condition, mansion virtue, and ritual image. The result is a targeted, outcome‑oriented methodology integrating observation, timing, and talismanic art (Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010; Agrippa, 1533/1651).
3. Core Concepts
Primary meanings of the lunar mansions revolve around discrete intention fields that correlate with lunar movement and specific starry locales. Classical lists associate each mansion with themes such as beginnings, concealment, acquisition, protection, love, enmity, travel, harvest, authority, and healing, among many others (Agrippa, 1533/1651, II.47; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010). These themes are not abstract; they are operational directives guiding whether to “do” or “avoid” certain actions at a given time, reflecting the electional logic of aligning time with intention (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012).
Key associations include: a name, sometimes referencing a nearby star‑group; an emblematic image to be engraved or inscribed; a list of favorable actions; a list of prohibitions; and sometimes a planet or spirit petitioned during the election (Agrippa, 1533/1651; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010). In some catalogs, corresponding herbs, stones, or incenses are recorded, reinforcing sympathetic links in the crafting process (Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010). These correspondences parallel the broader astromagical toolkit that also uses planetary hours, days, and dignities to strengthen targeted outcomes (Agrippa, 1533/1651; Lilly, 1647/1659).
Essential characteristics of mansion‑based elections involve robust lunar condition. The Moon ideally applies to a benefic, is free from combustion, and avoids the impediments of being void‑of‑course or afflicted by malefics, unless the ritual seeks separation, binding, or other restrictive aims (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; Lilly, 1647/1659). Practitioners further examine lunar phase for psychological coloration—waxing for growth and outward movement, waning for release and inward processes—an approach enriched by modern lunar phase work (George, 1992). Mansion timing is then layered over these basic rules to sharpen specificity.
Cross‑references situate the mansions in the wider astrological matrix. Rulerships and dignities color the Moon’s support: for instance, dignified benefics can counterbalance otherwise middling lunar states, whereas strong Saturn can emphasize containment elections (Lilly, 1647/1659). Aspect networks matter: a mansion election under a Moon trine Jupiter carries a different promise than one square Saturn, much as “Mars square Saturn creates tension and discipline” in general aspect doctrine (Lilly, 1647/1659). Houses contextualize outcomes: mansion elections undertaken with the Moon on the angles, especially the 10th, can enhance public visibility, paralleling the role of angularity in strength (Lilly, 1647/1659). Fixed star proximity may nuance a mansion’s flavor, e.g., a Moon near Regulus highlighting honor and leadership motifs (Robson, 1923; Agrippa, 1533/1651).
Because precession alters tropical–sidereal alignment, contemporary lists either fix mansions by equal tropical arcs or by sidereal star anchors; clarity on system selection remains crucial (Britannica, “Precession of the Equinoxes”; Britannica, “Nakshatra”). Comparative frameworks note convergences and divergences with the 27/28 nakshatras, while emphasizing distinct Arabic naming, images, and ritual uses (al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010).
Topic‑modeling these concepts groups mansions with electional timing, talismanic creation, and fixed‑star magic. Within a knowledge graph, edges link to Planetary Hours & Days, Fixed Stars & Stellar Astrology, Behenian Stars & Magical Traditions, Lunar Phases & Cycles, and core electional doctrine. In every case, mansion practice remains outcome‑oriented: choose the right time, prepare the right image, and work with the Moon’s condition to align celestial symbols with terrestrial aims (Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010; Agrippa, 1533/1651).
4. Traditional Approaches
Hellenistic groundwork emphasized lunar visibility, speed, and aspects, but the formal 28‑mansion schema emerges clearly in Arabic sources and their medieval Latin descendants. Al‑Bīrūnī describes the manāzil as stations of the Moon with named divisions and cultural correspondences, reflecting a long development from earlier star‑lists to practical astrological timing (al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934). In the Arabic astrological corpus on elections, Sahl ibn Bishr provides systematic guidance on lunar condition—speed, void‑of‑course, application to benefics versus malefics—and integrates mansion‑like judgments as part of “do” and “avoid” rules for choosing beginnings (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012).
The Picatrix, a cornerstone of medieval astromagic, transmits the mansions with operational detail: each mansion has images to be engraved at appropriate times, petitions to planetary or spiritual intelligences, and instructions on incense, colors, and ritual speech. The text underscores consent, intention, and ethical considerations, warning that elections contrary to nature or undertaken with an afflicted Moon fail or backfire (Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010). Mansion elections are never isolated from broader celestial conditions; rather, the Picatrix requires alignment of planetary hour, lunar phase, and benefic testimony with the chosen mansion’s virtue.
In Renaissance Europe, Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa gathered and systematized earlier materials in Three Books of Occult Philosophy, Book II, chapter 47, listing the 28 mansions, suggested images, and intended effects. Agrippa’s presentation codifies both laudable and malefic uses—for love and reconciliation, for enmity and separation, for safe travel, for building—while repeatedly cautioning readers about moral and lawful application (Agrippa, 1533/1651, II.47). The transmission of mansion lore into European grimoires reflects the broader renaissance of image‑magic founded on celestial sympathy and timing.
William Lilly’s Christian Astrology, while not a handbook of mansions, is indispensable for electional scaffolding. Lilly emphasizes the Moon’s aspects, void‑of‑course periods, combustion, and the role of angularity and dignities in strengthening or weakening elections (Lilly, 1647/1659). Traditional mansion practitioners therefore adopt Lilly’s rules as filters before applying mansion‑specific symbolism. For example, a mansion favoring contracts would still be avoided if the Moon were void‑of‑course or impeded by a hard application to Saturn; conversely, a supportive mansion becomes more effective if the Moon applies to Jupiter with reception (Lilly, 1647/1659; Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012).
A representative traditional workflow proceeds as follows. First, define the operation’s end: attraction, protection, healing, reconciliation, separation, travel, construction, authority, or secrecy. Second, evaluate the Moon’s state: waxing or waning as appropriate, swift in motion, free from the beams, not void‑of‑course, and applying to a benefic by harmonious aspect (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; Lilly, 1647/1659). Third, select the mansion whose cataloged virtues match the aim, ensuring its rising, culminating, or otherwise prominent position. Fourth, time the operation by the relevant planetary day and hour, harmonized to the intention (Agrippa, 1533/1651; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010). Fifth, craft or consecrate the emblematic image with specified materials—metal, stone, herb, and incense—according to mansion instructions (Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010).
Source citations in Latin and Arabic manuscripts show some variation in names, star anchors, and images, suggesting a living, adaptive practice rather than a single canonical table (al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010). Yet the common thread remains: lunar mansions provide a fine‑grained timing matrix layered atop general electional doctrine. Fixed stars often inform nuance; for instance, mansions near Regulus, Aldebaran, Antares, or Fomalhaut are interpreted with attention to those stars’ traditional significations of honor, ferocity, success, or visionary impetus (Robson, 1923; Agrippa, 1533/1651).
In summary, the traditional approach integrates mansion symbolism with: 1) lunar condition and aspects; 2) planetary hour and day; 3) angularity and dignities; and 4) star lore and image‑magic. Each step is attested across core sources—Sahl on electional filters, Lilly on lunar practice, al‑Bīrūnī on stations, Picatrix on ritual, and Agrippa on images—forming a coherent and historically validated methodology (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; Lilly, 1647/1659; al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010; Agrippa, 1533/1651).
5. Modern Perspectives
Contemporary practitioners inherit the medieval framework but evaluate it through modern lenses: psychological astrology, research‑minded skepticism, and integrative magical craft. Psychological astrologers often correlate mansion timing with lunar phase psychology—waxing mansions supporting growth, visibility, and engagement; waning mansions supporting release, consolidation, and introspection—drawing on lunar phase approaches that privilege subjective timing and intention (George, 1992). This does not replace classical rules; rather, it adds a layer about inner readiness and imaginal alignment atop objective electional filters (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; Lilly, 1647/1659).
Technically, modern astrology circles debate reference frames: tropical equal‑arc mansions versus sidereal star‑anchored mansions. Because precession progressively separates tropical longitudes from stellar positions, the two methods can yield different mansion placements on a given date (Britannica, “Precession of the Equinoxes”). Sidereal‑leaning practitioners emphasize continuity with stellar asterisms and near‑ecliptic anchor points; tropical‑leaning practitioners emphasize computational simplicity, fixed longitudes, and consistency with standard tropical elections (al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010). A pragmatic modern solution is declaring the chosen framework, then applying mansion symbolism consistently within that system.
Evidence‑seeking approaches urge careful record‑keeping: noting intention, exact electional conditions (Moon sign, phase, speed, aspects; mansion; hour; fixed‑star proximity), and outcomes. While rigorous statistical verification remains challenging given small, intention‑specific samples, cumulative case logs provide practitioner‑level feedback loops akin to clinical craft disciplines (Lilly, 1647/1659; Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012). Modern astromages also attend to ethical best practices—consent in love work, non‑coercion in influence operations, protection protocols—reflecting longstanding warnings in traditional texts (Agrippa, 1533/1651; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010).
Integration with contemporary magical ecosystems is common. Mansion talismans may be paired with planetary talismans, angelic or spirit devotional practices, and fixed‑star elections when synergies emerge, provided the electional layers do not contradict one another (Agrippa, 1533/1651; Robson, 1923). For example, choosing a mansion favorable for authority while the Moon applies to Jupiter and is near Regulus can triangulate symbolism toward honor and leadership (Robson, 1923; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010). Care remains paramount: if one layer contradicts another—e.g., mansion favors contracts but the Moon is void‑of‑course—the election is reconsidered (Lilly, 1647/1659).
Digital tools now facilitate mansion practice: ephemerides compute lunar motion; software flags void‑of‑course intervals, lunar speed, and aspects; star catalogs identify conjunctions to key stars (USNO, 2024; Robson, 1923). Online translations and commentaries make primary sources widely accessible, including the Picatrix and Agrippa’s mansion chapter, while scholarly editions of al‑Bīrūnī contextualize historical usage (Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010; Agrippa, 1533/1651; al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934). Through these tools, modern practitioners maintain fidelity to traditional technique while adapting documentation, ethics, and psychological insight to contemporary contexts.
In sum, modern perspectives maintain the mansion system’s core: lunar‑centered electional timing and targeted imagery. They add clarity about reference frames, enhance ethical considerations, integrate psychological timing, and use software for precision and replication, all while remaining grounded in classical filters and source‑based methods (George, 1992; Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; Lilly, 1647/1659; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010; Agrippa, 1533/1651).
6. Practical Applications
Real‑world uses of the mansions focus on aligning intention with time and image. Common aims include: attracting allies or clients; securing agreements; protection and warding; reconciliation; separation; safe travel; building and foundations; agricultural work; and medical or healing support within traditional constraints (Agrippa, 1533/1651, II.47; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010). The following methods outline implementation while emphasizing that examples are illustrative only, not universal rules.
- Natal chart context: Mansion talismans and elections interact with the native’s chart. A Moon strongly dignified natally may hold elections more robustly than a debilitated Moon; angular natal benefics can amplify supportive results (Lilly, 1647/1659). Interpretations must consider the whole chart, aspects, houses, and dignities rather than isolated factors.
- Transit analysis: For time‑bound goals, mansion elections are improved when the transiting Moon’s mansion aligns with a favorable transit to the relevant natal significator—for contracts, Mercury or the natal 7th/10th ruler; for career, the natal 10th ruler (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; Lilly, 1647/1659). Avoid stacking malefic transits with sensitive Moon conditions unless the work is aversive by design.
- Synastry considerations: Relationship operations benefit from mansion selections that support mutual Venus or Moon significators, timed when the transiting Moon applies by harmonious aspect to one or both charts (Lilly, 1647/1659). Consent and ethical intent remain essential (Agrippa, 1533/1651; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010).
- Electional steps: 1) Define a precise, measurable aim. 2) Filter by lunar condition: avoid void‑of‑course; prefer waxing for growth, waning for release; ensure a constructive applying aspect (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; George, 1992). 3) Select the mansion whose cataloged virtue matches the aim; place the Moon prominently if possible. 4) Choose a reinforcing planetary day and hour (Agrippa, 1533/1651). 5) Prepare the image with proper materials, incense, and words per source instructions (Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010).
- Case sketch (illustrative only): A professional seeks visibility. The practitioner chooses a mansion associated with honor and advancement, finds a day when the Moon is waxing, swift, applying to Jupiter, and near a leadership fixed star, then elects the image during the planetary hour. The result is documented and compared to controls (Robson, 1923; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010).
Best practices include transparent documentation, post‑operation review, and iterative refinement. When layers conflict—e.g., a favorable mansion but a void Moon—prioritize classical electional safeguards (Lilly, 1647/1659). For medical or legal matters, mansion work supplements, never replaces, professional advice. In all applications, mansion timing is a precision tool nested inside the broader architectures of Electional Astrology, Lunar Phases & Cycles, and Fixed Stars & Stellar Astrology (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; George, 1992; Robson, 1923).
7. Advanced Techniques
Specialized methods refine mansion work through dignities, aspects, house emphasis, combustion, and fixed stars. Dignity frameworks judge the Moon’s essential and accidental strength: sect appropriateness, speed, angularity, reception, and freedom from the Sun’s beams (Lilly, 1647/1659). Although the mansions are lunar, support from dignified Venus or Jupiter, or reception from rulers of relevant houses, can significantly enhance outcomes (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012). Rulership connections help contextualize goals—for instance, “Mars rules Aries and Scorpio, is exalted in Capricorn,” so elections for competition or defense might consider martial testimonies while ensuring the Moon’s safety (Lilly, 1647/1659).
Aspect patterns shape potency. A mansion election embedded in a larger configuration—Grand Trine for flow, T‑square for mobilization—inflects the result. Soft aspects to benefics amplify constructive mansions; hard aspects to malefics can be harnessed for separation or warding operations when ethically warranted (Lilly, 1647/1659; Agrippa, 1533/1651). House placement refines targeting: the Moon on the 10th house targets reputation and career; on the 7th, contracts and alliances; on the 4th, foundations; on the 2nd, resources (Lilly, 1647/1659).
Combustion and retrogradation matter even in lunar‑centered elections. Avoid elections when the Moon is under the beams or eclipsed unless specifically seeking secrecy, concealment, or dissolution, as many sources caution against impaired lunar light for constructive aims (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; Lilly, 1647/1659). Similarly, retrograde Mercury can undermine mercurial goals such as contracts or travel coordination, suggesting a layered approach that respects planetary condition beyond the mansions (Lilly, 1647/1659).
Fixed star conjunctions provide advanced nuance. Elections near Regulus may emphasize honor and leadership; Aldebaran and Antares introduce martial courage and high stakes; Fomalhaut adds spiritual or visionary currents (Robson, 1923; Agrippa, 1533/1651). Where Behenian stars are involved, practitioners may optionally incorporate the star’s herb or stone per medieval correspondences to reinforce the image (Agrippa, 1533/1651).
Expert applications combine mansion virtue with robust lunar condition, benefic testimony, supportive house emphasis, and relevant fixed stars, while filtering out conflicts such as void‑of‑course or combustion. This layered synthesis is the hallmark of high‑quality mansion elections (Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010; Lilly, 1647/1659).
8. Conclusion
Lunar mansions offer a precise, curated framework for timing targeted intentions and crafting images rooted in the Moon’s nightly motion and longstanding astromagical practice. Traditional sources—from al‑Bīrūnī’s station lists to Sahl’s electional filters, the Picatrix’s ritual protocols, and Agrippa’s image catalogs—establish a method that coordinates lunar condition, mansion symbolism, planetary hours, and occasionally fixed stars (al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934; Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010; Agrippa, 1533/1651). Modern practitioners extend this foundation with careful documentation, ethical clarity, psychological timing, and software‑assisted precision, while remaining loyal to classical safeguards such as avoiding void‑of‑course, combustion, and ill‑timed malefic contacts (Lilly, 1647/1659; George, 1992).
Key takeaways include: define a concrete intention; ensure a strong Moon and harmonious applications; select a mansion whose virtue precisely matches the aim; align planetary day and hour; and, when crafting images, adhere to material correspondences and ritual integrity. Fixed stars and house emphasis can refine elections when coherent with the central layers (Robson, 1923; Picatrix, 11th c., trans. 2010).
For further study, consult accessible translations and commentaries of the Picatrix, Agrippa’s Three Books II.47, al‑Bīrūnī’s Book of Instruction, Sahl’s electional treatises, and modern lunar phase work for psychological nuance (al‑Bīrūnī, 1029/1934; Agrippa, 1533/1651; Sahl ibn Bishr, 9th c., trans. 2012; George, 1992). Within an astrological knowledge graph, lunar mansions interlink with Electional Astrology, Planetary Hours & Days, Lunar Phases & Cycles, Fixed Stars & Stellar Astrology, and Behenian Stars & Magical Traditions, forming a coherent cluster of astromagic and talismanic timing techniques. Their enduring utility lies in uniting observation, symbolism, and action into a single, testable craft.
Internal and external links (contextual citations):
- NASA Moon Fact Sheet (NASA, 2023): https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/moonfact.html
- USNO on lunar months (USNO, 2024): https://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/synodic_month
- Britannica, “Precession of the Equinoxes”: https://www.britannica.com/science/precession-of-the-equinoxes
- Britannica, “Nakshatra”: https://www.britannica.com/topic/naksatra
- Al‑Bīrūnī, Book of Instruction (1934 trans.): https://archive.org/details/AlBiruniBookOfInstruction
- Picatrix (Greer & Warnock trans.): https://www.renaissanceastrology.com/picatrixtranslation.html
- Agrippa, Three Books II.47: https://www.esotericarchives.com/agrippa/agrippa2.htm#chap47
- Lilly, Christian Astrology (facsimile): https://archive.org/details/ChristianAstrologyByWilliamLilly
- Sahl ibn Bishr on Elections (Dykes, 2012): https://bendykes.com/product/sahl-and-mashaallah-on-elections/
- Robson, Fixed Stars (1923): https://www.sacred-texts.com/astro/fsa/
- George, Finding Our Way Through the Dark (1992): https://demetrageorge.com/books/finding-our-way-through-the-dark/